도커파일 Dockerfile

1 개요

Dockerfile

도커파일

• 빌드 방법, 명령어를 써놓은 텍스트 문서
• 도커는 Dockerfile 에 담긴 명령들을 읽어 들임으로 자동으로 이미지를 생성 할 수 있음

2 주요 지시어(instructions)

• ADD
• ARG
• CMD ★
• COPY ★★
• ENV ★★
• EXPOSE ★
• ENTRYPOINT ★
• FROM ★★★
• LABEL
• MAINTAINER
• STOPSIGNAL
• USER
• RUN ★★
• VOLUME
• WORKDIR ★★
• ONBUILD

3 예시 1

• https://training.play-with-docker.com/ops-s1-images/

dockerfile

Copy

FROM alpine
RUN apk update && apk add nodejs
COPY . /app
WORKDIR /app
CMD ["node","index.js"]

4 예시 2

dockerfile

Copy

FROM golang:1.9.2-alpine3.6 AS build

# Install tools required to build the project
# We need to run `docker build --no-cache .` to update those dependencies
RUN apk add --no-cache git
RUN go get github.com/golang/dep/cmd/dep

# Gopkg.toml and Gopkg.lock lists project dependencies
# These layers are only re-built when Gopkg files are updated
COPY Gopkg.lock Gopkg.toml /go/src/project/
WORKDIR /go/src/project/
# Install library dependencies
RUN dep ensure -vendor-only

# Copy all project and build it
# This layer is rebuilt when ever a file has changed in the project directory
COPY . /go/src/project/
RUN go build -o /bin/project

# This results in a single layer image
FROM scratch
COPY --from=build /bin/project /bin/project
ENTRYPOINT ["/bin/project"]
CMD ["--help"]

5 예시 3

dockerfile

Copy

# Use an official Python runtime as a parent image
FROM python:2.7-slim

# Set the working directory to /app
WORKDIR /app

# Copy the current directory contents into the container at /app
COPY . /app

# Install any needed packages specified in requirements.txt
RUN pip install --trusted-host pypi.python.org -r requirements.txt

# Make port 80 available to the world outside this container
EXPOSE 80

# Define environment variable
ENV NAME World

# Run app.py when the container launches
CMD ["python", "app.py"]

6 같이 보기

• docker build
• .dockerignore 파일
• Dockerfile $JAR_FILE
• 도커 용어
• cloud-init
• Makefile
• Vagrantfile

7 참고

• https://github.com/dockerfile 도커파일 프로젝트
• https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/
• https://docs.docker.com/develop/develop-images/dockerfile_best-practices/ Best practices for writing Dockerfiles
• https://docs.docker.com/get-started/part2/