ALTER TABLE `테이블명` CHANGE `기존컬럼명` `새컬럼명` 기존자료형
ALTER TABLE `테이블명` CHANGE `컬럼명` `컬럼명` 새자료형
mysql> DESC employee;
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | varchar(16) | NO | | NULL | |
| department_id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | |
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER TABLE `employee` CHANGE `department_id` `department_id` VARCHAR(16) NOT NULL;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.08 sec)
Records: 4 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> DESC employee;
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| name | varchar(16) | NO | | NULL | |
| department_id | varchar(16) | NO | | NULL | |
+---------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)