1 # Introduction[ | ]
- From Professor John Daugman Web (The inventor of Iris Recognition System)
Upload:intro.jpg
- Introduction to Iris Recognition
All publicly operational iris recognition systems worldwide today deploy, as licensed executables, the algorithms described on this website. I hope you find both this overview and the more detailed scientific and mathematical pages on this website interesting. Iris recognition technology combines computer vision, pattern recognition, statistical inference, and optics. Its purpose is real-time, high confidence recognition of a person's identity by mathematical analysis of the random patterns that are visible within the iris of an eye from some distance. Because the iris is a protected internal organ whose random texture is stable throughout life, it can serve as a kind of living passport or a living password that one need not remember but can always present. Because the randomness of iris patterns has very high dimensionality, recognition decisions are made with confidence levels high enough to support rapid and reliable exhaustive searches through national-sized databases. The algorithms for iris recognition were developed at Cambridge University by John Daugman.
The major applications of this technology so far have been: substituting for passports (automated international border crossing); aviation security, and controlling access to restricted areas at airports; database access and computer login; access to buildings and homes; hospital settings, including mother-infant pairing in maternity wards; "watch list" database searching at border crossings; and other Government programmes. In Britain, these algorithms are currently being considered for biometrically enabled National Identity Cards and passports, with feasibility trials soon to begin. Several airports worldwide have installed these algorithms for passenger screening and immigration control in lieu of passport presentation, including London Heathrow, Amsterdam Schiphol, Frankfurt, Athens, and several Canadian airports (Toronto and Vancouver with the other 9 international airports soon to follow). In UK project IRIS (Iris Recognition Immigration System), deployments in 10 airport sites will occur in 2004. On the Pakistan Afghanistan border, the United Nations High Commission for Refugees uses these algorithms for anonymous identification of returning Afghan refugees receiving cash grants at voluntary repatriation centres. The largest single current deployment of these algorithms is in the United Arab Emirates, where every day about 2 Billion iris comparisons are performed. All travellers arriving at all 17 air, land, and sea ports have their IrisCodes quickly computed and compared against all the IrisCodes in a large database, within about 2 seconds; you can find out more about that large scale application here.
Iris recognition is forecast to play a role in a wide range of other applications in which a person's identity must be established or confirmed. These include electronic commerce, information security, entitlements authorisation, building entry, automobile ignition, forensic and police applications, network access and computer applications, or any other transaction in which personal identification currently relies just on special possessions or secrets (keys, cards, documents, passwords, PINs).
The Daugman algorithms for iris recognition earned the British Computer Society's 1997 IT Award and Medal; the Smithsonian Award in 2000; and the "Time 100" Innovation Award in 2001. The technology was designated a Millennium Product by the UK Design Council in 1998, and throughout 2000 it was used in the Millennium Dome.
Companies in several countries are now using these algorithms in a variety of products and services. Information about their applications can be found on the following websites:
IBM
Iridian Technologies
IrisGuard, Inc.
Securimetrics, Inc.
Panasonic
London Heathrow Airport
Amsterdam Schiphol Airport (deployment picture here).
Charlotte Airport USA
IrisAccess LG Corp, South Korea
IrisPass OKI Electric Industries, Japan
EyeTicket Corp. USA
Core Technology Patent "Biometric Personal Identification System Based on Iris Analysis." U.S. Patent No. 5,291,560 issued March 1, 1994 (J. Daugman).
Original Scientific Paper Daugman, J. (1993) "High confidence visual recognition of persons by a test of statistical independence." IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 15(11), pp. 1148-1161. (.pdf file here)
2 # 촌평[ | ]
-
{{comment.page_title}} ―{{comment.name}}