- 다른 뜻에 대해서는 R tail() 문서를 참조하십시오.
✔️ CentOS 5.7에서 테스트하였습니다.
1 개요[ | ]
- 리눅스 파일 끝부분 보기 tail
- /usr/bin/tail
- 문서 파일이나 지정된 데이터의 마지막 몇 줄을 보여주는 리눅스 명령어
2 기본 기능[ | ]
- 명령어
Bash
Copy
tail 파일명
- → 파일의 끝부분 10개행을 보여준다.
Bash
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tail 파일명 -n숫자
- → 숫자만큼 파일의 끝부분 행을 보여준다.
- 실행 예시
Console
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[root@zetawiki ~]# tail /etc/services
nimgtw 48003/udp # Nimbus Gateway
3gpp-cbsp 48049/tcp # 3GPP Cell Broadcast Service Protocol
isnetserv 48128/tcp # Image Systems Network Services
isnetserv 48128/udp # Image Systems Network Services
blp5 48129/tcp # Bloomberg locator
blp5 48129/udp # Bloomberg locator
com-bardac-dw 48556/tcp # com-bardac-dw
com-bardac-dw 48556/udp # com-bardac-dw
iqobject 48619/tcp # iqobject
iqobject 48619/udp # iqobject
Console
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[root@zetawiki ~]# tail /etc/services -n3
com-bardac-dw 48556/udp # com-bardac-dw
iqobject 48619/tcp # iqobject
iqobject 48619/udp # iqobject
3 실시간 로그 감시[ | ]
-f 옵션을 주면 한번만 파일을 읽고 끝내는 것이 아니라 계속 모니터링한다. 주로 실시간으로 로그가 쌓이는 것을 확인하는 용도로 많이 사용한다. 종료는 Ctrl+C.
- 명령어
Bash
Copy
tail -f 파일명
- 실행 예시
아파치 웹서버 접속 로그에 실시간 감시를 걸어보자.
Console
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[root@localhost ~]# tail -f /etc/httpd/logs/access_log
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:03 +0900] "GET /wiki/load.php?debug=false&lang=ko&modules=skins.vector&only=scripts&skin=vector&* HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5:%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC/Jmnote" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:03 +0900] "GET /wiki/load.php?debug=false&lang=ko&modules=site&only=scripts&skin=vector&* HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5:%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC/Jmnote" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:09 +0900] "GET /wiki/index.php/%EB%A1%9C%EB%98%90_%EB%8B%B9%EC%B2%A8_%ED%99%95%EB%A5%A0_%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0 HTTP/1.1" 200 20131 "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5:%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC/Jmnote" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:09 +0900] "GET /wiki/load.php?debug=false&lang=ko&modules=mediawiki.legacy.commonPrint%2Cshared%7Cskins.vector&only=styles&skin=vector&* HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/%EB%A1%9C%EB%98%90_%EB%8B%B9%EC%B2%A8_%ED%99%95%EB%A5%A0_%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:14 +0900] "GET /wiki/index.php/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5:%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC/Jmnote HTTP/1.1" 200 61725 "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/%EB%A1%9C%EB%98%90_%EB%8B%B9%EC%B2%A8_%ED%99%95%EB%A5%A0_%EA%B3%84%EC%82%B0%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:17 +0900] "GET /wiki/index.php/Tail HTTP/1.1" 200 20109 "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5:%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC/Jmnote" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:22 +0900] "GET /wiki/index.php/Head HTTP/1.1" 200 20097 "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/Tail" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:37:24 +0900] "GET /wiki/index.php/Tail HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/Head" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:38:54 +0900] "GET /wiki/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0%EB%8A%A5%3A%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0&search=tail&go=%EA%B0%80%EA%B8%B0 HTTP/1.1" 302 - "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/Tail" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
111.222.33.44 - - [19/Feb/2012:11:38:54 +0900] "GET /wiki/index.php/Tail HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://jmnote.com/wiki/index.php/Tail" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.7 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/16.0.912.75 Safari/535.7 CoolNovo/2.0.0.9"
실행하면 10개행만 보이지만, 누군가가 웹서버에 접속을 할 때마다 로그가 생성되므로 아래에 내용이 계속 추가된다. 그만 보려면 Ctrl+C를 누른다.