리눅스 Python 2.7 컴파일 설치

✔️ CentOS 5 + Python 2.4( → Python 2.7 )에서 테스트하였습니다.

✔️ CentOS 6 + Python 2.6( → Python 2.7 )에서 테스트하였습니다.

upgrading python to 2.7
파이썬 2.7 업그레이드
파이썬 2.7로 업그레이드
Python 컴파일 설치

참고로 CentOS 7에는 Python 2.7이 기본 설치되어 있다. → CentOS 7 최소설치 패키지 목록

1 설치된 버전 확인

<source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# python -V Python 2.4.3 </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# python -V Python 2.6.6 </syntaxhighlight>

2 설치할 버전 확인

http://www.python.org/ftp/python/ 접속하여 원하는 버전이 있는지 확인하자.

이 문서에서는 2.7.9로 실습

3 다운로드 및 설치

명령어

<source lang='bash'> NEW_VER=2.7.9 cd /usr/local/src wget --no-check-certificate -N http://www.python.org/ftp/python/$NEW_VER/Python-$NEW_VER.tgz tar xzf Python-$NEW_VER.tgz cd Python-$NEW_VER ./configure make make altinstall </syntaxhighlight>

실행예시

<source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# NEW_VER=2.7.9 [root@zetawiki ~]# cd /usr/local/src [root@zetawiki src]# wget --no-check-certificate -N http://www.python.org/ftp/python/$NEW_VER/Python-$NEW_VER.tgz ... (생략) 100%[===================================================>] 16,657,930 10.3M/s in 1.5s

2015-01-21 20:24:50 (10.3 MB/s) - “Python-2.7.9.tgz” saved [16657930/16657930] </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki src]# tar xzf Python-$NEW_VER.tgz [root@zetawiki src]# cd Python-$NEW_VER [root@zetawiki Python-2.7.9]# ./configure ... (생략) creating Modules/Setup creating Modules/Setup.local creating Makefile </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki Python-2.7.9]# make ... (생략) changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/2to3 from 644 to 755 changing mode of build/scripts-2.7/smtpd.py from 644 to 755 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./Tools/gdb/libpython.py python-gdb.py </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki Python-2.7.9]# make altinstall ... (생략) Writing /usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/Python-2.7.9-py2.7.egg-info rm /usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/_sysconfigdata.py* /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./Misc/python.man \ /usr/local/share/man/man1/python2.7.1 if test "xno" != "xno" ; then \ case no in \ upgrade) ensurepip="--altinstall --upgrade --no-default-pip" ;; \ install|*) ensurepip="--altinstall --no-default-pip" ;; \ esac; \ ./python -E -m ensurepip \ $ensurepip --root=/ ; \ fi </syntaxhighlight>

4 바꿔치기

<source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki Python-2.7.9]# cd [root@zetawiki ~]# ls -l /usr/bin/python* -rwx------. 2 root root 9032 Jan 22 2014 /usr/bin/python lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 May 26 2014 /usr/bin/python2 -> python -rwx------. 2 root root 9032 Jan 22 2014 /usr/bin/python2.6 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1418 Jan 22 2014 /usr/bin/python2.6-config lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Sep 4 02:35 /usr/bin/python-config -> python2.6-config lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Sep 4 02:23 /usr/bin/python-pip -> pip </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# python -V Python 2.6.6 [root@zetawiki ~]# /usr/bin/python -V Python 2.6.6 [root@zetawiki ~]# /usr/local/bin/python2.7 -V Python 2.7.9 </syntaxhighlight> 구버전은 python_old로 이름을 바꾸고 신버전을 python이라는 이름으로 복사한다. <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python_old [root@zetawiki ~]# cp /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python [root@zetawiki ~]# python -V Python 2.7.9 </syntaxhighlight>

5 (필요시) yum 오류 고치기

No module named yum 문서를 참고하십시오.

yum이 제대로 작동하지 않는다…^[1] <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# yum There was a problem importing one of the Python modules required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:

  No module named yum

Please install a package which provides this module, or verify that the module is installed correctly.

It's possible that the above module doesn't match the current version of Python, which is: 2.7.9 (default, Jan 21 2015, 20:29:09) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-11)]

If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to the yum faq at:

 http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq

</syntaxhighlight> 다음과 같이 /usr/bin/yum 파일을 수정하자.

기존 버전이 2.4이였다면 #!/usr/bin/python → #!/usr/bin/python2.4

기존 버전이 2.6이였다면 #!/usr/bin/python → #!/usr/bin/python2.6

<source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# cp /usr/bin/yum /usr/bin/yum_old [root@zetawiki ~]# sed -i 's/\/usr\/bin\/python/\/usr\/bin\/python2.6/g' /usr/bin/yum [root@zetawiki ~]# diff /usr/bin/yum_old /usr/bin/yum 1c1 < #!/usr/bin/python --- > #!/usr/bin/python2.6 </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# yum ... (생략)

   --sec-severity=SEVERITY
                       Include security relevant packages, of this severity
   --advisory=ADVISORY
                       Include packages needed to fix the given advisory

</syntaxhighlight>

→ 이제 잘 된다.

6 (필요시) 원상복구

예전 버전으로 되돌리고 싶다면 yum에 있는 python으로 재설치하자.
사실 원상복구는 아니다...

기존과 완전히 동일한 버전은 아니지만 yum이 의존성을 잘 맞춰줘서 별 문제 없을 것이다.

<source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# yum reinstall python ... (생략)

6.1 ==========================================================================================

Package               Arch                  Version                     Repository              Size

6.2 ==========================================================================================

Reinstalling:

python                x86_64                2.6.6-52.el6                updates                 74 k

Transaction Summary

6.3 ==========================================================================================

Reinstall 1 Package(s)

Total download size: 74 k Installed size: 78 k Is this ok [y/N]: y </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> ... (생략) Installed:

 python.x86_64 0:2.6.6-52.el6

Complete! </syntaxhighlight> <source lang='console'> [root@zetawiki ~]# python -V Python 2.6.6 </syntaxhighlight>

7 같이 보기

8 주석

↑ /usr/bin/yum도 파이썬 스크립트임

9 참고

[1] /usr/bin/yum도 파이썬 스크립트임

[1]